Means for promoting combustion in oil burning appliances



May 7, 1940- c. SCOTT-SNELL,

MEANS FOR PROMOTING COMBUSTION IN OIL BURNING APPLIANCES 7 Sheets-She et 1 Filed Nov. 8, 1937 ATTORNEY May '7, 1940. c, sconus 2.199.826

MEANS FOR PROMOTiNG COMBUSTIGN IN OIL BURNING APPLIANCES Filed Nov. 8, 19:57 7 Sheets-Sheet 2 ATTORNEY y 7, 1940- c. SCOTT-SNELL 2.199.826

MEANS FOR PROMOTING COMBUSTION IN OIL BURNING APPLIANCES Filed Nov. 8, 1937 7 Sheets-Sheet 3 //VVENTOR 5) Q- Tl M ATTORNEY May 7, 1940 c. SCOTT-SNELL MEANS FOR PROMOTING COMBUSTIQN IN 01L BURNING APPLIANCES Filed Nov. 8, 1937 7 Sheets-Sheet 4 ATTORNEY C. SCCTT-SNELL MEANS FOR PROMOTING COMBUSTION IN OIL BURNING APPLIANCES May 7, 1940.

7 Sheets-Sheet 5 Filed Nov. 8, 19;?

-lilliiii--. 2. 2 6 7 2 w 1 2W) 9 v3 A 3 v I F: 1/ 6 m I J M 6 /NV.NTOR 444; WA M y 7,1940- c. SCOTT-SNELL 2.199.826

mums ron PROMOTING COMBUSTION IN on, BURNING APPLIANCES Filed Nov. 8, 1957 7 Sheets-Sheet e //vv/vroe #u W-JM/Z 5r azazaz z ATTORNEY May 7, 1940.

C. SCOTT-SNELL MEANS FOR PROMOTING COMBUSTIGN IN OIL BURNING APPLIANCES Filed Nov. 8, 1937 o O o 0 O O O O O O 7 Sheets-Sheet 7 Patented May 7, i940 MEAN FOR PROMOTING COMBUSTIPON IN on. BURNING APPLIANCES Charles Scott-Snell, Kingsbridge, Devon, England;2 assignor of. one-half Davys, London, England Application November 8, 1937, Serial No.

In Great Britain November 6, ,1936

to Maud Lilian 7 Claims. (01. 158-88) This invention relates to wick type stoves 'which a blue flame is'obtained without, the aid rota chimney or a forced draught, by'the aid of a hot mixture chamber, forming 'a widened rolongation of the wick tube, with perforated walls through which air has access to the vapourised fuel 'risi'ng' fromthe wick. a a

It is-commn 'tohave"a heating flame spread laterally and nearlyhorizontally by and beneath i the utensil or other object which it heats. The

present'invention rests on the principle that a flame can be vspread laterally and nearly horizontall'y by means of a surface beneath it, provided there is'no access of air between the'flame and-the surface. Such a surface therefore af- 1 fords a meansof deflecting the flame, if desired,

from the vertical, and even of spreading it nearly horizontally-to heat what is placed above it. But other advantages in respect of ease of control and increased fuel burning power result from this'limi'tation of access of'air to one side of the flameL -the' attainment of-which does not necessitate deflection of the flame towards thehorif zontal; a'nd therefore", particularly for cases where it is'desired that the stove shall throwout heat'more or. less horizontally, the invention extends" to stoves in which the surface preventing access of air is substantially'vertical.

According to'the' invention,- "to render the-flame easierto control and-to'make possible greater maximum consumption of fuel without luminosity or smoke, access-ofair beyond the hot mixture chamber is limited to one side of theflame by the pro vision of'an iinperforate flame plate pro- 35 longing one wall of'the chamber, and either'substantially vertical or inclined away from the opposite wall of the chamber, over which plate the flame sweeps-and against which it; is held by air directed upwardly and toward the flame plate byflan-inclined and usually curved deflector fitted I on the other side of the mixture chamber, with the result that the flame remains blue throughoutit's'iextent; It is of advantage to provide ad ditional I deflectors on'each side: of the mixture chamber, both toprotect itfrom draughts and to impart an upward directionto the incoming air.

' Theuppermostof these on thefla'me plate side maybe/made continuous with the flameppla'te; and incas'ezthe latter is greatly inclin'edtothe vertical; should-merge into it by a gradual curve.

the flame may be divided and its parts causedto diverge'ip the pnr'legcr the flametplate', for by dividing the; flamepl'ate ltself into' parts offdiffer By means of partition-walls, of a height greaterthan the name depth; erected on the flame-plate,

ent incnn uon the name may be Split into parts diverging in avertical plane. Toprevent lateral access of air walls should be erected on theflame plate, or each part of the'flame plate alon'glits tcmledsefi I 7 Such'division of the flame makes the stove applieable to the'heating of separate but neighbouring objectspfor instance the stove burners of a liress'ure' fed oil stove, or the vapourizer and thermal pumpof stoves'in which such a pump delivers" fuel to a vapourizer. V

' Examplespf embodiments of the invention are illustrated in the accompanying drawings.

" Figure 1 is a cross=sectionfand Figure 2 a front elevation'of 'a flat wick stove,

Figured "s a cross '-section ofv a modiflcation in whichith'e'jflame plate is vertical. V Figures i and 5. are sectional side elevation and plan'respectively of astove constructed. according to the invention with a divided flame, and fitted asan ig'niterto a lar er stove, v

Figureffi diagrammatically illustrates the application' of a'fst'ove with a. dividedflame to the heating ojf water andsuperh'eating of steam.

- (Figure 7 sho,ws a stove with an annular: wick. -m thestoveioiLFiguresl and2 an oil reservoir l carries awick tube 2 of usual construction with means 3 for raising and lowering the Wick 4. the reservoir are, erected twoside plates 5,

connected togtherand 'stiffened byb01ts 5.

This structureislocatedupon the reservoir or tank and secured to it by any suitable means such as the tongue! engaging over studs 8 upon the tank. The side plates carry in slots the two perforated' walls 90f thehot mixture chamber spaced a'little wider apart than the Walls oi the wick tube -'2=*"s o that'there is no possibility of'contact betweenthemand' the wick when the wick is mint-amp; flame plate and deflectors, forinstance'by means or rod's' Ill-inserted I in perforations" ifithe' side plates, over which rods the edges of-the several platesarrolle d; {The flame plate l l, is'shownas The side plates 5'also supp ort the v standing at asm all angle tothe horizontalpand it is c n ous with a dfleCtQFdZu on the same? side of i the" mixture chainber; .1 The flat part jofthe flame plate and deflector stand at an acute angle to each other. but their junction ,isa nosing of large radiusofcurvatu'rearound which the ,flame can" be led.' 'I'hewall of the mixture chamber whichfis, in effect," prolonged by the flame plate mayjterminate a little lower than its fellow. j ,Outside'ithe, latter is placed a battle or deflector l 3"slantingupwardi and "at its top'bent over as to direct the air streaming "up" beneath it i seen immediately beneath the vaporiser. If walls towards the'flame plate. This may be supp-lemented by additional deflectors [4 on each side of the mixture chamber, which serve both to protect the chamber from direct transverse draughts, I and to impart an upward direction to the air entering between them. All of these deflectors with the flame-plate may be turned back about the rods which carry them togive easy access .to the mixture chamber for cleaning. Figure 1 shows an adjustable stop I5 for determining the; working position of the bafile or deflector 1,3.

It is important that there should ibeg'no ap between the flame plate H and the wall 9 on the same side of the mixture chamber; ;for otherwise air enters between the flame and .theflame plate, and the flame will leave the plate and burn yellow. Nor can thefiame be caused to make any sudden large deflection in its course; therefore the more the flat part of the flame plate departs from the vertical, the more necessary it is to round off its junction with the deflector [2. Too sharp a deflection from the vertical is likely'toflle adito the flame leaving thev plate,'whe'n' air has" access to both sides offit' and incomplete combustion results. I I The length of the flame plate depends upon the maximum, length of flame it is desired to burn or in other words upon the maximumratejof fuel 1 consumptio'n desired. Its inclination is governed by the purpose for which'the stove is intended;

The form of stove shown in'Fi'gures land 2 may be fitted with supports 'to carry a kettle or other vessel above the central flat part of the flame, or it may be usedwhen it is desired to heat'by the tip of the flame an "object beneath which avertical flame cannot readily 'be'accommodated, as hereinafter described withlreference to Figures 4 and 5. Where a 'vertical flame is all that is required, as may be the'case both in cooking stoves and in stoves for heating rooms, the'flame plate may be vertical or substantially so as shown in Figure 3, where'the side. plates are shown as fitted with barslfi to support'ia'cooking vessel. No supplementary deflectors are shown.

In the stove of Figures 4 and 5 the flame plate is made in two parts l1, l8 'of difierent inclination. [The stove is shown as fitted into thereservoir IQ of a main stove supplied bya thermal pump 20 which forwards oil from the reservoir 19 to a vapourizergzl. In order that air may a have no access to the edges of the flames which are not protected by the side plates 5, walls 22 are erected upon the edges of the flame plates panels,

This example of construction shows the flame of the stove divided into twoor more parts operating at different levels, the one upon the thermal pump 20, theother upon the vaporiser 2|; once the main "stove is started the heating will be continued by the flame of the main stove such as 22 diverging from each other are erected upon a single flame plate the flame is divided into parts diverging in the plane'of .the plate, each extending over any desired fractionof the width of.the wick. The inclination of the flame may be adjusted'since the flame plate I-8-ispiv oted at 23, the axis of curvature of itsrounded nosing, and supported by'rods 24 whichmay be set; in any'of several positions in the, side plates 5.

Figure 6 shows diagrammatically the application of a stove with its flame divided into vertically'diver ent parts to the' heating of the circulating fluid of *a room heating system. The lower flame operates on a tube 25 containing,

water, and the upper through which the steam generated flows, so that flame upon a tube 29 superheated steam is supplied to the circulating pipes 30.

Figure 7 shows an application of the invention coned or dished disc 33, preferably with an upturned rim if the coning is very flat. The de- ,fle'ctor 34 becomes an inverted flaring cone, cen- "trally supported upon a rod or a conical skele- I ..ton .35. The deflectors l4 also become cones, the inner ones inverted. If the flame plate continued to 'the inner wall of the mixture chamber, it

would be a vertical cylinder, and the deflector 34 would become an upright truncated cone, extending from the outer wall of the mixturechamber and somewhat domed or incurved at its upper edge. Two such stov es as shown in Figyres 1 and .2

may be built back to back upon a common reserthe flames from two wicks.

'lclaimz' 1. In a wick type oil burner the combination voir so that their flame plates bring toone line of a wick'tube having two principal parallel walls,

a mixture chamber above and co-axial with saidtube having twoprincipal perforated walls par; allel with the walls of the wick tubaan imperforate flame plate contiguouswith one principal wall of said chamber and inclining away from the other, and a deflector bes ide said other wall of ,saidchamber slanting upward-land towards the flame plate.

2. In a ,wick type oil burner combination of a wick tube having two principal parallel Walls,

a mixture chamber above and co axial with said tube having two principal perforated walls parallel with "the walls of the wick tube, animper for'ate flameplate contiguouswith one principal wallof sa'idi chamber-and inclining away from] the other, a deflector cp tinuo Withsaid flame plate and below it sloping upward toward the chamber, and a second deflector beside said, other wall of said chamber slanting upward and 'to-" wards the flame plate,

3. In a wick type oil burner :thecombinations, of a wick tube having twoprincipal parallel walls, a mixture chamber above and coaxial with saidv tube having two principal perforated walls parallel with the wallsof the wi'cktube,

an imperforate flame plate continguous ,Withone principal wall of sai-d chamber and 1 gj it upwardly, and a deflector beside the other principal wall 'cf said chamber 'slantingupward and towards :the .flameplate and endingabove the upper edge of the mixture chamber. I

4. In a wick type oil burner the combination of a wick I tube having two principal parallel. walls, a mixture chamber above and vco-axial with said. tube having two principal perforated U wallsparallel with the 'walls of the wick tube,

ani nperforate flame plate .contin ous with one principal -wall of said chamber and j'inclinin'g.

away'from the. other, a-deflector continuous with said flame plate and belowit slopingupwardxto-w ward the chamber, asecond deflector. beside the: S id 9,??? w o s d,chambe a n upward and towards the flame-plate and additional deflectors beside the walls of the mixturechamber incnni gupwardw and t w rds m ..,5. In a wicktype oil burnerthe combination I 1.55

of a wick tube having two principal parallel walls,

a mixture chamber above and co-axial with said tube having two principal perforated walls parallel with the walls of the wick tube, an imperforate flame plate contiguous with one principal wall of said chamber prolonging it and curving gradually from the vertical away from the other principal wall of the mixture chamber to a small angle with the horizontal, and a deflector beside said other wall of said chamber slanting upward and towards the flame plate.

6. In a wick type oil-burner the combination of a wick tube having two principal parallel walls, a mixture chamber above and co-axial with said tube having two principal perforated walls parallel with the walls of the wick tube, a plurality of imperforate flame plates contiguous with one principal wall of said chamber and inclining away from the other at difierent angles to the horizontal, and a deflector beside said other wall of said chamber slanting upward and towards the flame plates.

'7. In a wick type oil burner the combination of a wick tube having two principal parallel walls, a mixture chamber above and co-axial with said tube having two principal perforated walls parallel with the walls of the wick tube, an imperforate flame plate contiguous with one principal wall of said chamber and inclining away from the other, divergent dividing walls erected upon said flame plate, and a deflector beside said other wall of said chamber slanting upward and towards the flame plate.

CHARLES SCOTT-SNELL. 

